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曾误导10亿人的“伪科学”：男女大脑真的不同吗？关于“性别脑”的真相

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2024-03-30 12:00:00

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小时候你或许跟我一样听说过一本书的名字：《男人来自火星，女人来自金星》这句话常被用于形容男女思维方式上的天差地别，伴随着“男女大脑大不同”的说法，这些常见的观点你或许也经常听说： · 男性善用逻辑，女性擅用直觉 · 女性天生比男性更富有“同理心” · 男性的空间思维优于女性，例如开车、看地图、认路 · 女性比男性拥有更强的语言系统 · 男女大脑天生不同，因此拥有着不同的思维模式 …… 今天，就让我们尝试来搞清楚“大脑与性别的真相” *参考文献 [1]M. Constantinescu, D. S. Moore, S.P. Johnson and M. Hines, 'Early Contributions to Infants' Mental Rotation Abilities', Developmental Science 21:4(2018), el2613. [2]M. Ingalhalikar, A. Smith, D. Parker, T. D. Satterthwaite, M. A. Elliott, K. Ruparel, H. Hakonarson, R.E. Gur, R. C. Gur and R. Verma, ‘Sex Differences in the Structural Connectome of the Human Brain’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:2(2014),pp. 823-8. [3]D. Joel and R. Tarrasch. ‘On the Mis-oresentation and Misinterpretation of Gender-Related Data: The Case of Ingalhalikar’s Human Connectome Study’, Proceedings of the Human Brain’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:2(2014) [4]L. Brizendine, The Female Brain (New York: Morgan Road, 2006 [5]K. J. Michalska, K. D. Kinzler and J. Decety, ‘Age-Related Sex Differences in Explicit Measures of Empathy Do Not Predict Brain Responses across Childhood and Adolescence’, Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 3(2013), pp. 23-32 [6]L. Bian, S.J. Leslie and A. Cimpian, ‘Gender Stereotypes about Intellectual Ability Emerge Early and Influence Children’s Interrests’, Science 355:6323(2017), pp. 389-91. [7]M.C. Steffens, P. Jelenec and P. Noack, ‘On the Leaky Math Pipeline: Comparing Implicit Math-Gender Stereotypes and Math Withdrawal in Female and Male Children and Adolescents’, Journal of Educational Psychology 102:4(2010), p. 947. [8]D. Joel, Z. Berman, I. Tavor, N. Wexler, O. Gaber, Y.Stein, N. Shefi, J.Poo;.S. Urchs, D.S. Margulies and F. Liem, ‘Sex beyond the Genitalia: The Human Brain Mosaic’. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112:50 (2015), pp. 15468-73. 完整文献见视频末尾